High concernPlasticizer
Dibutyl phthalate
PhthalateEndocrine disruptorReproductive toxicant
What it is
A short-chain ortho-phthalate diester, colorless oily liquid with mild aromatic odor.
What it does
Provides flexibility and film-forming properties. Historically used in nail polish to prevent chipping and in fragrance formulations as a solvent.
Why it’s a concern
DBP is classified by the EU as a presumed human reproductive toxicant. Some human cohorts associate prenatal DBP biomarkers with cognitive or language outcomes, but the evidence is observational and not consistently replicated. EPA's TSCA unreasonable-risk finding applies to specific conditions of use and does not cover food contact or cosmetics.
Also known as
DBPdi-n-butyl phthalatebutyl phthalate
CAS numbers
84-74-2
Commonly found in
nail polishfragrancehair spray
Safer alternatives
- 5-free or 10-free nail polish formulas
- acetyl tributyl citrate
Related chemical families
Sources
- EU CLP Classification
- California Proposition 65 List